Motto: لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله " Lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh, Muhammadun rasūlu llāh " "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the. Watch32 - Watch Movies on Watch32.com - Watch32 is the Biggest Library of free Full Movies. Watch 32 Movies Online. 1 I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul.

South Africa facts, information, pictures. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENTTOPOGRAPHYCLIMATEFLORA AND FAUNAENVIRONMENTPOPULATIONMIGRATIONETHNIC GROUPSLANGUAGESRELIGIONSTRANSPORTATIONHISTORYGOVERNMENTPOLITICAL PARTIESLOCAL GOVERNMENTJUDICIAL SYSTEMARMED FORCESINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONECONOMYINCOMELABORAGRICULTUREANIMAL HUSBANDRYFISHINGFORESTRYMININGENERGY AND POWERINDUSTRYSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDOMESTIC TRADEFOREIGN TRADEBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBANKING AND SECURITIESINSURANCEPUBLIC FINANCETAXATIONCUSTOMS AND DUTIESFOREIGN INVESTMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTHEALTHHOUSINGEDUCATIONLIBRARIES AND MUSEUMSMEDIAORGANIZATIONSTOURISM, TRAVEL, AND RECREATIONFAMOUS SOUTH AFRICANSDEPENDENCIESBIBLIOGRAPHYRepublic of South Africa. Republiek van Suid- Afrika. CAPITAL: Pretoria (administrative); Cape Town (legislative); Bloemfontein (judicial)FLAG: The national flag, adopted in 1. Bands of red, white, green, white, and blue appear horizontally. ANTHEM: Two anthems are currently in use: the official anthem, Die Stem van Suid- Afrika (The Call of South Africa), and Nkosi Sikelel' Afrika (God Bless Africa), a hymn adopted by most liberation groups. MONETARY UNIT: The South African rand (r) is a paper currency of 1.

It is used throughout the South African monetary area. There are coins of 1, 2, 5, 1. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES: The metric system is in use. HOLIDAYS: New Year's Day, 1 January; Republic Day, 3. May; Kruger Day, 1. October; Day of the Vow, 1. December; Christmas, 2.

December; Goodwill Day, 2. December. Movable religious holidays include Good Friday and Ascension; Family Day is a movable secular holiday. TIME: 2 pm = noon GMT. The area of South Africa is 1,2. Comparatively, the area occupied by South Africa is slightly less than twice the size of the state of Texas. Considered as a whole, South Africa extends 1,8. It is bounded on the n by Botswana and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia), on the ne by Mozambique and Swaziland, on the e by the Indian Ocean, on the s by the confluence of the Indian and Atlantic oceans, on the w by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the nw by Namibia.

Karan Trivedi is an Indian theatre and television actor. He speaks Gujarati and Hindi fluently. Karan was born on 17 January 1984 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

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South Africa also controls two small islands, Prince Edward and Marion, which lie some 1,9. Cape Town. South Africa's capital city, Pretoria, is located in the northeastern part of the country. South Africa has a mean altitude of about 1,2. Parts of Johannesburg are more than 1,8. There are three major zones: the marginal regions, which range in width from 8. Cape folded belt, and western plateau slopes; a vast saucer- shaped interior plateau, separated from the marginal zone by the Great Escarpment; and the Kalahari Basin, only the southern part of which projects into north- central South Africa.

The land rises steadily from west to east to the Drakensberg Mountains (part of the Great Escarpment), the tallest of which is Mt. Injasuti (3,4. 08 m/1. Lesotho. The coastal belt of the west and south ranges between 1. Cape. North of the coastal belt stretch the Little and the Great Karoo highlands, which are bounded by mountains, are semiarid to arid, and merge into sandy wastes that ultimately join the arid Kalahari.

The high grass prairie, or veld, of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal is famous for its deposits of gold and silver; other minerals are found in the Transvaal's bush veld. From the Drakensberg, the land falls toward the Indian Ocean in the rolling hills and valleys of Natal, which are covered with rich vegetation and, near the coast, subtropical plants, including sugarcane. The two most important rivers draining the interior plateau are the Orange (with its tributary the Vaal), which flows into the Atlantic Ocean, and the Limpopo, which empties into the Indian Ocean through Mozambique. Of the fast- flowing rivers with steeply graded courses that produce spectacular waterfalls, the largest is the Tugela, which rises in the Mont- aux- Sources and flows swiftly to the Indian Ocean. South Africa lies almost wholly within the southern temperate zone, and its climate is more equable than that of corresponding northern latitudes because of its surrounding waters. Temperature differentials between east and west coasts stem from the influences, respectively, of the warm Mozambique (Agulhas) Current and the cold Benguela Current.

The average daily minimum temperature at Durban, on the east coast, ranges from 1. July to 2. 1°c (7. February; on the west coast, at Port Nolloth, the range is from 7°c (4. Temperatures are cooler in the highlands: at Johannesburg, the average daily minimum is 4°c (3. June and July and 1. January. On the high veld there are sharp differences.

Rainfall is unpredictable in large parts of the country, and prolonged droughts are a serious restriction on farming in such areas. While the mean annual rainfall is 4. Much of South Africa gets its rain in the summer months, but the western coastal belt is a winter rain area. Along the Cape south coast, rain falls during both seasons.

The variety of South Africa's climate and altitude accounts for its diversified flora and fauna. Major vegetation zones include the forest and palm belt of the east, south, and southwest coasts; the temperate grasslands (veld) of the eastern portion of the interior plateau; the desert and semidesert (Karoo) vegetation of the western interior; and the bushveld (savanna) of the Kalahari and the northeast. Of the 2. 00 natural orders of plants in the world, over 1. South Africa has over 2. There are 2. 00 species of euphorbia, about 3.

Cape Province alone, and more than 5. Wild flowers (including the protea, South Africa's national flower) grow in great profusion throughout the Cape region.

Aardvark, jackal, lion, elephant, wild buffalo, hippopotamus, and various kinds of antelope are still found in some parts of the country. In the great game parks, animals may be seen living in natural surroundings.

So extensive is the variety both of smaller mammals and of plants that they have not yet all been identified. Veep Season 4 Episode 3. The number of different kinds of birds is estimated at well over 3. The number of species of insects is estimated at 4. Recent industrialization and urbanization have taken their toll on the South African environment, as have such agricultural practices as veld fires, overgrazing of livestock, and intensive use of pesticides. Soil erosion and desertification are two more significant environmental issues in South Africa. Three hundred to four hundred million tons of soil per year are lost. The country's limited water resources have been impaired by mineralization, eutrophication, and acidic mine drainage.

South Africa has 4. The country's cities produce about 4. Air pollution in urban areas stems primarily from coal burning and motor vehicle exhausts. The government has taken steps to address these issues: Johannesburg was the site of the 2.

World Summit on Sustainable Development, and South Africa is seen as a leader of the developing world on issues such as climate change, conservation, and biodiversity. The principal environmental bodies are the Department of Water Affairs, the Department of Environmental Affairs, and the Department of National Health and Population Activities. Watch Series Waking The Dead there. Pursuant to a government "white paper" about environmental conservation policy, approved in 1. It included development of a comprehensive technology for treating sewage and industrial effluents, surveys of threatened natural habitats, research on marine pollution, monitoring of atmospheric pollutants, and a program of environmental education in the public schools. According to a 2.

Why Didn’t The Eastern Roman Empire Fall? When the Roman Empire disintegrated over the course of the fifth century, only half of it actually fell, the western half. The eastern half of the Roman Empire would survive in one form or another for a thousand years. The Empire had always included a tremendous amount of ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity within its borders. Since it stretched from the Sahara to the North Sea and Britain to Arabia, that’s only to be expected.

The greatest split, however, was between the Greek- speaking east and the Latin- speaking west. When the Romans began acquiring bits and pieces of the eastern Mediterranean in the second century BC, they encountered a highly developed, urban, populous, and rich series of societies stretching from Greece to Egypt. This was the Greek world, the product of both centuries of Greek colonization and the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Cities like Antioch in Syria and Alexandria in Egypt were centers of culture and trade, holding hundreds of thousands of residents. Even after hundreds of years of Roman rule, the language and culture of these places remained essentially Greek. When emperors wanted to talk to their subjects in the east, they did it in Greek. When those subjects wanted to talk to the emperor, they used Greek to do so. Latin was a learned language of government administration, not what everyday people were speaking. Constantinople, the city founded by Constantine the Great on the spot of the Greek colony of Byzantium, became the center of this Greek- speaking eastern world.

That essential cultural and linguistic unity became one pillar of the Eastern Empire; the others were Roman political concepts and a deep, ostentatious, public Christian piety. Over the course of the fifth century, while things were falling apart in the west, these three things fused to create the unique mixture that would define the Byzantine Empire.

What the Ottomans ended in 1. Constantinople was, in fact, a Roman Empire.

The fifth century was bad for the entire Roman Empire. While we think of Attila and the Huns as a threat to the west - after all, he was eventually stopped in Gaul and went on to ravage Italy - he actually did most of his damage along the Balkan frontiers in the east. Like the west, the east had to manage powerful groups of barbarians within its frontiers, and it had its own internal political divisions and usurpations. Why did the east survive while the west fell apart? The east had always been richer and more populous than the west, so it had a much greater resource base on which to draw. Its capital, Constantinople, was also its most important city; after the construction of its epic walls in the middle of the fifth century, it was practically impregnable. These were deep, structural things from which the east benefited.

Despite some upheavals, though, the east also benefited from political stability just at the time when the west was going to hell in a handbasket. The emperor Theodosius II ruled from 4.

Theodosius II was feckless at worst and ineffectual at best, but he ruled for 4. In that time, he provided the anchor around whom that mixture of Greek language and culture, Roman political concepts, and Christian piety could take shape. Watch Thomas &Amp; Friends: Day Of The Diesels Online Free HD here. The pieces of government apparatus that allowed the east to run, its civil bureaucracy and standing army, never collapsed the way they did in the west. There was an institutional stability that outlasted any individual emperor, general, or court official. All of those factors and more played into the survival of the east. I’m Patrick Wyman, and if you’ve been around for a while, you probably saw a post or two about my old show, The Fall of Rome.

My new show, Tides of History, is my attempt to go pro with these podcasts. Tides of History covers the fall of the Roman Empire in addition to a parallel series of episodes on the rise of the modern world between 1. Think of Tides of History like a TV show that happens to have two seasons running simultaneously. If any of what this post has discussed sounds interesting to you, check out these two episodes below. The first explores the Eastern Roman Empire and what made it tick, while the second goes in depth into how and why the east survived and the west didn’t in the fifth century.

You can subscribe on Apple Podcasts, i. Tunes, Stitcher, Google Play, NPR One, and any other podcast app you can think of. Give it a listen and let me know what you think in the comments. Episode 3 - Why Didn’t the Eastern Roman Empire Fall? Episode 4 - How the Eastern Roman Empire Survived Attila the Hun and the Disastrous Fifth Century: Further reading: Fergus Millar, A Greek Roman Empire: Power and Belief Under Theodosius II (4. Berkeley, 2. 00. 6)Anthony Kaldellis, The Byzantine Republic: People and Power in New Rome (Cambridge, 2.

Stephen Williams and Gerald Friell, The Rome that Did Not Fall: The Survival of the East in the Fifth Century (London, 1. Christopher Kelly, Ruling the Later Roman Empire (Cambridge, 2.